Deregowski, J. B. (1968). Pictorial recognition in subjects from a relatively pictureless environment. African Social Research, 5, 356-364.

The ability of subjects from a remote rural area of Zambia to recognize depicted animal models was investigated. Schoolchildren and men were used in the experiment and it was found that both groups achieved above-chance recognition scores on "familiar" animals but only children did so on unfamiliar animals. The results suggest however that the failure of the men in responding to unfamiliar animal pictures is unlikely to be due to the detection failure; and hence that subjects from a relatively pictureless environment are capable of perceiving correctly the content of rather simple photographs.