Kanner, J. H. & Rosenstein, A. J. (1960). Television in army training: color vs black and white. AV Communication Review, 8, 243-252.

This study is one of a series of U. S. Army Signal Corps studies designed to investigate and develop the use of television for military training and is the first of two studies on the role of color television. It was carried out during the period April to September 1959 at the Signal School, Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, using television facilities, trainees, personnel, and subject matter available at that installation. Also participating were personnel working in the mobile color facilities of the Army Pictorial Center. (...)

(Conclusions.)
1. There was no significant difference between trainee learning produced by color or monochrome television instruction.
2. There was no significant difference in performance upon color and non-color test questions by the color and monochrome television trained groups.
3. There is suggestive evidence that high aptitude trainees learn better from monochrome television and low aptitude trainees learn better from color television. But the important factor in predicting amount of learning is trainee aptitude.